Nanotechnology is a field that is rapidly growing, making an impact in all spheres of human life. The development of biosynthesis of nanoparticles is evolving into a very important branch of nanotechnology. Green synthesized metallic nanoparticles usage, particularly silver and gold nanoparticles have been increased due to their advantages of high stability, loading capacity and cost effective method. Silver and gold nanoparticles play a vital role in nanotechnology as biomedicine against drug-resistant bacteria. Available published information on silver and gold nanoparticles synthesis, effects of various parameters, characterisation, applications and mechanism for antimicrobial activity are critically discussed in this review.

Phytochemical extracts square measure perpetually being evaluated for potential antiurolithiatic activity in a very progressive manner. Hyperoxaluria and hypercalciuria square measure among the key risk factors in pathologic process of urinary stone formation; analysis of varied medicative plants square measure done primarily against Ca salt and atomic number 12 ammonium ion phosphate varieties of urinary organ stones, through creating use of varied experimental models of urolithiasis. Try was taken to review the antiurolithiatic activity of bound seasoning extracts to supply info for more analysis.

Gibberellins are phytohormones that are produced within the plants and also by some microorganisms. They play an important role in seed germination, stem elongation, flowering, enzyme induction etc. The main objective of the present study is to isolate and identify the production of gibberellins from Pseudomonas fluorescens and Fusarium oxysporum and its effect on the growth promoting activity of plants. Soil sample and spoiled corn sample were selected for the isolation of P.fluorescens and F.oxysporum. The isolated microorganisms were identified by primary and secondary screening methods. They were mass cultivated in a semi-automatic fermentor and after fermentation the broth were extracted and filtered by membrane filtration method. The extracted gibberellin were estimated by colorimetric method using Zinc acetate reagent and further confirmed by HPLC analysis. The peak values were found to be 2.05, 2.40, 2.65 and 3.08 for Pseudomonas extract and for Fusarium extract, the peak values were found to be 1.47, 1.65, 1.83 and 2.86 respectively. The microbial extracts and the Standard Gibberellin were applied to four types of plants such as Chili, Tomato, Ladies finger and Brinjal. Both the extracts showed maximum growth promoting activity of 110 cm and 78 cm in tomato plants respectively. Unfortunately Brinjal showed no growth promoting activity by applying Fusarium extracts. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the microbial extracts produce considerable quantities of Gibberellins.